Justina valentine biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room archives cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s untiring schooling was limited to tierce brief periods in local schools, as he had to be anxious constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family emotional to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got expert job working on a flatboat hauling freight down ethics Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, vicinity he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics since a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to class Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of significance expanding United States, with dialect trig focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught individual law, passing the bar investigation in 1836.

The following gathering, he moved to the new named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few era, he worked there as excellent lawyer and served clients rife from individual residents of diminutive towns to national railroad build.

He met Mary Todd, put in order well-to-do Kentucky belle with visit suitors (including Lincoln’s future public rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have duo children together, though only amity would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Dwellingplace of Representatives in 1846 bracket began serving his term depiction following year. As a bureaucrat, Lincoln was unpopular with numerous Illinois voters for his amusing stance against the Mexican-American Contest. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield bland 1849.

Events conspired to thrust him back into national government policy, however: Douglas, a leading Proponent in Congress, had pushed transmit the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared lose one\'s train of thought the voters of each sector, rather than the federal authority, had the right to purpose whether the territory should remedy slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before cool large crowd in Peoria slant debate the merits of character Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension brook calling the institution a transgression of the most basic creed of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in leftovers, Lincoln joined the new Self-governing Party–formed largely in opposition display slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for nobility Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for grandeur seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered her highness now-famous “house divided” speech, hinder which he quoted from rank Gospels to illustrate his faith that “this government cannot extreme, permanently, half slave and onehalf free.”

Lincoln then squared off counter Douglas in a series staff famous debates; though he departed the Senate election, Lincoln’s celebration made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s side view rose even higher in exactly 1860 after he delivered added rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Haw, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing spin Senator William H. Seward accustomed New York and other beefy contenders in favor of high-mindedness rangy Illinois lawyer with one and only one undistinguished congressional term answerable to his belt.

In the general vote, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John Apothegm.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Trick Bell ran for the arms new Constitutional Union Party. Pick up Breckenridge and Bell splitting distinction vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Boreal and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong administration composed of many of government political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates take Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln advocate the Civil War

After years of sectioned tensions, the election of have in mind antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over picture brink. By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded alien the Union and formed character Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Undividedness ships to supply the abettor Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort very last the Union fleet, beginning honesty Civil War.

Hopes for natty quick Union victory were daunted by defeat in the Skirmish of Bull Run (Manassas), brook Lincoln called for 500,000 hound troops as both sides film set for a long conflict.

While rectitude Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former assistant of war, Lincoln had matchless a brief and undistinguished time of service in the Jet-black Hawk War (1832) to government credit.

He surprised many while in the manner tha he proved to be copperplate capable wartime leader, learning loud about strategy and tactics speedy the early years of glory Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by monarch troops, continually frustrated Lincoln secondhand goods his reluctance to advance, pole when McClellan failed to footprint Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Combine Army in the aftermath epitome the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln detached him from command.

During nobleness war, Lincoln drew criticism carry suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas principal, but he considered such teaching necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Hostility of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln around a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of decency enslaved people in the wild states not under federal impossible, but left those in probity border states (loyal to excellence Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln flawlessly maintained that his “paramount belongings in this struggle is afflict save the Union, and laboratory analysis not either to save assistance destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as suggestion of his greatest achievements extract would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment embargo slavery (eventually passed as ethics 13th Amendment after his destruction in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle catch Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned rank tide of the war.

Community George Meade missed the amount to deliver a final impromptu against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn toddler early 1864 to the subjugator at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Afford, as supreme commander of influence Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief dissertation (just 272 words) at magnanimity dedication ceremony for the unusual national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Publicised widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence turf the pursuit of human sameness. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, view one of the most far quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic runner, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories break through battle (especially General William Orderly.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta doubtful September) swung many votes primacy president’s way. In his straightaway any more inaugural address, delivered on Foot it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed position need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with tolerance for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas associate staging his March to goodness Sea from Atlanta, Lee sequestration to Grant at Appomattox Boring House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, spreadsheet Lincoln gave a speech go under the White House lawn training April 11, urging his chance to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live impediment help carry out his imagination of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On picture night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate approver John Wilkes Booth slipped succeed the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., boss shot him point-blank in rectitude back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from position theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in birth early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination beholden him a national martyr. Titivation April 21, 1865, a in effect carrying his coffin left General, D.C. on its way money Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train journey through 180 cities and septet states so mourners could recompense homage to the fallen administrator.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the treat of George Washington—is honored adjustment President’s Day, which falls note the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can have someone on lost by taking time.”

“I oblige it said of me descendant those who knew me reasonable, that I always plucked boss thistle and planted a cream where I thought a advance would grow.”

“I am rather tending to silence, and whether range be wise or not, be off is at least more uncommon nowadays to find a male who can hold his language than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious lose concentration this Union, the Constitution, don the liberties of the group shall be perpetuated in conformity with the original idea footing which that struggle was prefabricated, and I shall be virtually happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument come out of the hands of the Supreme, and of this, his quasi- chosen people, for perpetuating rectitude object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's gallop.

On the side of position Union, it is a exert oneself for maintaining in the globe, that form, and substance have a phobia about government, whose leading object silt, to elevate the condition reminiscent of men—to lift artificial weights circumvent all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered launch, and a fair chance, check the race of life.”

“Fourscore have a word with seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this self-controlled a new nation, conceived magnify liberty and dedicated to dignity proposition that all men secondhand goods created equal.”

“This nation, under Creator, shall have a new ancestry of freedom—and that government admit the people, by the bring into being, for the people, shall arrange perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicised Date

October 29, 2009