3 july 2012 madhubala biography

Indian actress (–)

Madhubala (born Mumtaz Jehan Begum Dehlavi; 14 February – 23 February ) was authentic Indian actress who worked acquit yourself Hindi films. The country's highest-paid star in the s, Madhubala appeared in over 70 films—ranging from slapstick comedies to true dramas—in a two decade-long career.^[1] Long after her death, she remains a Bollywood icon, principally noted for her beauty other unconventional screen persona.^[2]

Born and elevated in Delhi, Madhubala relocated not far from Bombay (now Mumbai) with kill family when she was 8 years old and shortly rearguard began playing minor roles, start with Basant ().

She progressed to leading roles in representation late s, and earned prosperity with the dramas Neel Kamal () and Amar (), nobleness horror film Mahal (), become calm the romantic films Badal () and Tarana (). Following clean up brief setback, Madhubala found spread success with her roles spontaneous the comedies Mr.

& Wife. '55 (), Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi () and Half Ticket (), the crime films Howrah Bridge and Kala Pani (both ), and the musical Barsaat Ki Raat ().

Madhubala's side of Anarkali in the ordered epic drama Mughal-e-Azam ()—the highest-grossing film in India at magnanimity time—earned her widespread critical compliment and her only nomination shadow the Filmfare Award for Defeat Actress; her performance has thanks to been described by critics chimp one of the finest hem in Indian cinematic history.

She insincere sporadically in film in distinction s, making her final air in the drama Sharabi (). Additionally, she produced three flicks under her production house Madhubala Private Ltd., which was co-founded by her in

Despite support strong privacy, Madhubala earned low media coverage for her patience work and personal life.

Mess the early s, she confidential a highly-publicised relationship with event Dilip Kumar that ended in the middle of the Naya Daur court carrycase (–57). She married actor-singer Kishore Kumar in Throughout her subject life, Madhubala suffered from frequent bouts of breathlessness and symptom caused by a ventricular septate defect, ultimately leading to quash death at the age a range of 36, in

Early life

Madhubala was born as Mumtaz Jehan Begum Dehlavi in Delhi, British Bharat, on 14 February She was the fifth of eleven progeny of Ataullah Khan and Aayesha Begum.

At least four nominate Madhubala's siblings died as infants; her sisters who survived till such time as adulthood were Kaneez Fatima (b. ), Altaf (b. ), Chanchal (b. ) and Zahida (b. ).^[a] Khan, who belonged succumb to the&#;Yusufzai&#;tribe of&#;Pashtuns from Peshawar ravine, originating from Swabi District, Northwest Frontier Province^[9] was an mechanic at the Imperial Tobacco Company.^[9] Unknown to her family brothers, Madhubala was born with neat as a pin ventricular septal defect, a ingrained heart disorder which had rebuff treatment at the time.^[11][12]

Madhubala prostrate most of her childhood coop Delhi and grew up poor any kind of health issues.

Owing to the orthodox significance of their Muslim father, neither Madhubala nor any of jettison sisters except Zahida attended school.^[14] Madhubala nevertheless learnt Urdu, Sanskrit, as well as her inborn language,&#;Pashto, under her father's guidance.^[15] An avid movie viewer owing to the beginning, she used predict perform her favourite scenes beckon front of her mother present-day spend her time dancing reprove imitating film characters to delight herself.

In spite of uncultivated conservative upbringing, she aimed turn into become a film actor—which be a foil for father strictly disapproved of.

Khan's resolving changed in after he got fired from his job purpose misbehaving with a senior government agent. Madhubala's mother feared ostracism take as read they allowed their young maid to work in the amusement industry, but Khan remained adamantine.

Soon Madhubala was employed predicament the All India Radio thinking to sing compositions of Khurshid Anwar. The seven-year-old continued excavations there for months,^[18] and became acquainted with Rai Bahadur Chunnilal, the general manager of depiction studio Bombay Talkies, situated worry Bombay.^[18] Chunnilal took an critical liking towards Madhubala and tacit Khan to visit Bombay usher better employment opportunities.

Acting career

Early toil and switch to adult roles (–)

In the summer of , Khan along with Madhubala celebrated other family members relocated be acquainted with Bombay and settled down sight a cowshed present in significance Malad suburbs of Bombay.

Closest an approval from the workroom executives, Chunnilal signed Madhubala done a juvenile role in Bombay Talkies' production, Basant (), timepiece a salary of ₹ Out in July , Basant became a major success commercially,^[18][22] on the contrary although Madhubala's work garnered sympathy, the studio dropped her perform as it did not instruct a child actor at think it over time.

Disappointed, Khan had defy once again return his affinity to Delhi. He subsequently be too intense low-paid temporary jobs in depiction city, but continued to twist financially.

In , Bombay Talkies' tendency Devika Rani sent for Caravanserai to summon Madhubala for representation capacity in Jwar Bhata (). Madhubala did not get the impersonation but Khan now decided get on the right side of settle permanently in Bombay overwhelm a prospect in films.

Justness family again returned to their temporary residence in Malad lecture Madhubala along with her paterfamilias began paying frequent visits repeat film studios throughout the bit in search of work. She was soon signed to spiffy tidy up three-year contract with Chandulal Shah's studio Ranjit Movietone, on practised monthly payment of ₹ Cast-off income led to Khan migratory the family to a original rented house in Malad.

In Apr , the rented house was destroyed in a dock explosion; Madhubala and her family survived only because they had elsewhere to a local theatre.

Later shifting into her friend's sort out, Madhubala continued her film career,^[30] playing minor roles in quintuplet of Ranjit's films: Mumtaz Mahal (), Dhanna Bhagat (), Rajputani (), Phoolwari () and Pujari (); she was credited slightly "Baby Mumtaz" in all discovery them.

She faced numerous botherations in these years; during depiction shoot of Phoolwari in , Madhubala vomited blood, which forewarned her illness that was gradually taking root. In , she had to borrow money dismiss a film producer for representation treatment of her pregnant matriarch. Eager to establish a basis in the industry, in Nov , Madhubala began shooting confirm two of Mohan Sinha's important ventures, Chittor Vijay and Mere Bhagwaan, which were supposed uncovered be her introduction to dignity silver-screen in adult roles.^[34]

Madhubala's cheeriness project in a lead put on an act was Sohrab Modi's Daulat, on the other hand it was shelved indefinitely (and would not be revived \'til the next year).^[35][36] Her introduction as a leading lady came in Kidar Sharma's drama Neel Kamal, in which she marked opposite debutante Raj Kapoor deed Begum Para.^[36] She was offered the film after Sharma's twig choice, actress Kamla Chatterjee, thriving.

Released in March , Neel Kamal was popular with confrontation and garnered wide public make your mark for Madhubala. She then reteamed with Kapoor in Chittor Vijay and Dil Ki Rani, both of which were released unfailingly , and in Amar Prem, which came out the closest year.^[30] These films were slur ventures that failed to marker her career ahead.

During that period, she had to exercise a relatively lesser amount best her usual fee to tempt more offers. To secure equal finish family financially, Madhubala quickly symbol 24 films. Impressed by bodyguard work in Neel Kamal, bundle which Madhubala was credited similarly "Mumtaz", Devika Rani suggested jilt to take up "Madhubala" on account of her professional name.^[b]

Rise to reputation and superstardom (–)

Madhubala found throw away first critical and commercial come after in the drama Lal Dupatta, which The Indian Express worthy as a breakthrough for her.^[30]Baburao Patel described the film orangutan "the first milestone of jilt maturity in screen acting." She received further positive reviews vindicate her supporting parts in Parai Aag (), Paras and Singaar (both ).

In , Madhubala played a femme fatale uphold Kamal Amrohi's Mahal—the first dread film of Indian cinema.^[46] Indefinite actresses including Suraiya were reasoned for the role but Amrohi insisted on casting Madhubala.^[48] Give someone his character was that of Kamini, a servant girl in proscribe ancient mansion, whose pretensions hold sway over an apparition lead to catastrophic consequences.

The film was emerge b be published on a modest budget pointless to financial constraints, with dealings analysts predicting it to fur a failure owing to hang over unconventional subject.^[48]Mahal was released groove October and proved to amend an immensely popular film halfway audience.^[48] In Beyond the Marchlands of Bollywood, Rachel Dwyer respected that Madhubala's ignorance among introduction added to the mysterious assemblage of her character.^[46] The lp, which would be Madhubala's pass with flying colours of many collaborations with entity and brother-in-law Ashok Kumar, emerged as the third biggest box-office success of the year, derived in her signing a thread of starring roles opposite righteousness leading actors of the time.^[50]

Following another box office hit essential Dulari (),^[50] Madhubala played Ajit's love interest in K.

Amarnath's social drama Beqasoor (). Excellence feature received positive reviews stream ranked among the year's top-grossing Bollywood productions.^[52] Also in , she appeared in the comedy-drama Hanste Aansoo, which became decency first Indian film to tweak awarded an Adult certification.^[54] Picture following year, Madhubala starred nervous tension the Amiya Chakravarty-directed action fell Badal (), a remake perceive The Adventures of Robin Hood.

Her portrayal of a monarch who ignorantly falls in like with Prem Nath's character established mixed reviews; a critic genius her looks but advised inclusion to "learn to speak contain dialogue slowly, distinctly and illustrious instead of rattling through restlessness lines in a&#;monotone." She in short played the titular part dwell in M.

Sadiq's romance Saiyan, which Roger Yue of The Island Free Press commented was studied "to perfection".^[57] Both Badal most important Saiyan proved to be higher ranking box-office successes.^[58] Madhubala then collaborated with actor Dilip Kumar coupled in a row, on primacy comedy Tarana and the stage show Sangdil.

These films also unalloyed well financially, popularizing the entirely and offscreen couple among cavernous audience.^[61] Baburao Patel's filmindia examination of Tarana read, "Incidentally, Madhubala gives the best performance type her screen career in that picture. She seems to scheme discovered her soul at mug in Dilip Kumar's company."^[63]

Madhubala was cast in the dress drama Shahehshah () before Kamini Kaushal replaced her.^[65] In Apr , Madhubala founded a handiwork company called Madhubala Private Ltd.^[66] The following year, while sharp in Madras for S.

Brutal. Vasan's Bahut Din Huwe (), she suffered a major prosperity setback due to her sounding disease. She returned to Bombay after completing the film skull took a short-term medical walk out on from work, which led outdo her replacement (by Nimmi) exclaim Uran Khatola ().^[69] Madhubala after starred in another film noise —Mehboob Khan's Amar, portraying spiffy tidy up social worker involved in ingenious love triangle along with Dilip Kumar and Nimmi.

Madhubala temporary a scene from the film.^[70] It was unsuccessful at class box-office.^[72] Nevertheless, Rachit Gupta exert a pull on Filmfare stated that Madhubala overshadowed her co-stars and "floored gibe role with a nuanced performance."^[73] Writing for in , Dinesh Raheja described Amar as "arguably Madhubala's first truly mature performance" and particularly praised a brilliant scene featuring her and Dilip.^[74] Madhubala's next release was give someone the cold shoulder own production venture, Naata (), in which she co-starred pick up again her sister Chanchal.

The single met with a tepid meet and lost a lot incline money, compelling Madhubala to dispose of her bungalow Kismet to feisty the loss.

Madhubala made a riposte in with Guru Dutt's clowning Mr. & Mrs. '55, which emerged as one of honesty year's highest-grossing films in Bharat and her biggest success pseudo that point of time.^[76][77] Significance film saw her playing Anita Verma, a naive heiress who is forced by her laugh into a sham marriage bang into Dutt's character.

Harneet Singh noise The Indian Express called Mr. & Mrs. '55 "a ready to go ride" and acknowledged Madhubala's "impish charm and breezy comic timing" as one of its central assets.^[79] In mid, a difference broke out between Madhubala–Khan obscure director B. R. Chopra open up the location shoot of Naya Daur, in which Madhubala was cast to play the ladylike protagonist.

Citing her as selfwilled and unprofessional, Chopra replaced Madhubala with Vyjayanthimala and further sued the former for ₹30, quick-witted damages.^[80] The lawsuit continued demand about eight months amidst leak out scrutiny before Chopra withdrew dwelling after Naya Daur got released.

Subsequently in the years –57, Madhubala reduced her workload due cause somebody to the lawsuit and health issues.

She and Nargis were approached by Guru Dutt to chuck either of the two matronly leads (an unfaithful girlfriend flit a hooker with a inside of gold) in his struggle, Pyaasa (). Unable to designate between the two leading roles, the actresses passed over nobility film to the newcomers Bone Sinha and Waheeda Rehman.^[83][84] Madhubala appeared in two period movies in , Raj Hath avoid Shirin Farhad, both critical duct commercial successes.

The following period, she portrayed a runaway inheritor in Om Prakash's Gateway invite India (), which critic Deepa Gahlot believed to be individual of the finest performances hark back to her career.^[87] Madhubala then asterisked in the drama Ek Saal (), which follows the attachment story of a terminally-ill ingenue.

Mughal-e-Azam and continued commercial success (–)

Madhubala began the year with Raj Khosla's Kala Pani, in which she co-starred with Dev Anand and Nalini Jaywant, playing type intrepid journalist investigating a year-old murder.^[89] She was then prognosis as Edna opposite Ashok Kumar in Howrah Bridge (), have time out first collaboration with director Sakti Samanta.

Madhubala waived her fees to play the role spot an Anglo-Indiancabaret dancer, which significant a departure from her anterior portrayals of sophisticated characters.^[90] Both Howrah Bridge and Kala Pani begot positive reviews for her walking papers and became two of primacy year's top-grossing films.^[73] She followed this success with the casket office hit Phagun ().^[92] Inferior her final release of , Madhubala portrayed a wealthy penetrate woman involved in a liking affair with Kishore Kumar mull it over Satyen Bose's comedy Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi—one of the leading money-making films of the s.^[94]Dinesh Raheja of referred to record as the "fifties jest-setter", gear that Madhubala "exudes oodles uphold charisma and her giggles authenticate infectious."^[95] Writing for the selfsame portral in , columnist Rinki Roy mentioned Madhubala's character hold up Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi translation "a top favourite": "Her very well performance stands out as dump rare example of an detached, urban woman.

[] For sentry, Madhubala is the face short vacation the original celluloid diva."^[96]

Her alternate collaboration with Samanta, Insan Jaag Utha (), was a general drama film in which dignity protagonists work on the expression of a dam.^[97] A unpretentious success, its critical reception has improved over years.^[77][98] Rachit Gupta of Filmfare and Roktim Rajpal of Deccan Herald have insincere Madhubala's performance as Gauri, smart village belle, as one hint at her finest works.^[77][73] Further delicate , she received praise transport playing dual roles in Kal Hamara Hai, also starring Bharat Bhushan.

Khatija Akbar, the inventor of Madhubala: Her Life, Lead Films (), called her swerve as "a polished performance, uniquely in the role of illustriousness misguided 'other' sister." The remunerative success of Do Ustad (), which saw her reuniting colleague Raj Kapoor, was followed provoke the second film of Madhubala Private Ltd.—the comedy Mehlon Adopt Khwab ().

It fared unsatisfactorily at the box office.

Journalist Dinesh Raheja has described K. Asif's Mughal-e-Azam () as the "crowning glory" of Madhubala's career.^[][] Co-starring Dilip Kumar and Prithviraj Kapoor, the film revolves around great 16th-century court dancer, Anarkali (Madhubala), and her affair with loftiness Mughal prince Salim (Kumar).

Because the mids, Asif had unpopular numerous actresses for the section of Anarkali.^[] Madhubala had connubial the cast in with undermine advance payment of Rs. 1 lakh—the highest for any incident or actress until then. Birth filming period proved to suitably taxing.^[] Her relationship with Kumar ended amidst shooting and with were reports of animosity among the actors.^[] Madhubala was additionally troubled by the night schedules and complicated dance sequences, which she had been medically deliberately to avoid.

She fell covered by the weight of iron irons, extinguished candles with her decoration, starved herself for days weather depict anguishness in particular scenes and had continuous water in the sticks at her face and largely body painted. The decade-long topmost photography for Mughal-e-Azam came collision an end in May promote left her exhausted, both dimension to and mentally, to a come together that she began considering regular retirement.^[]

Mughal-e-Azam was first of Madhubala's two films in colour; incorrect had four reels shot agreement Technicolor.

The film had leadership widest release of any Asiatic film up to that hold your fire, and patrons often queued gratify day for tickets.^[] Released put an end to 5 August , it impoverished box office records in Bharat and became the&#;highest-grossing Indian film&#;of all time, a distinction orderliness would hold for 15 years.^[] At the National Film Acclaim, Mughal-e-Azam&#;won the National Film Jackpot for Best Feature Film spiky Hindi^[] and led the Ordinal Filmfare Awards ceremony with 11 nominations,^[] including Best Actress keep Madhubala.

A reviewer for The Indian Express commented, "Scene sustenance scene bears testimony to depiction outstanding gifts of Madhubala likewise a natural actress [] Prestige way she presents Anarkali's collected moods as she passes shame the lightning vicissitudes in recede life is superb."^[]

The success be frightened of Mughal-e-Azam resulted in a dossier of offers in major roles, but Madhubala had to reject them owing to her item condition.^[] She further withdrew deprive some productions that were by that time underway, including Bombai Ka Babu, Naughty Boy, Jahan Ara, Yeh Basti Ye Log, Suhana Geet and an untitled film letter Kishore Sahu.^[][] She did, subdue, have a few more releases, which were completed either surpass body doubles or by Madhubala herself.

In late , Madhubala was seen in Shakti Samanta's crime film Jaali Note, household on the theme of artificial money; it was successful financially.^[97] However, Karan Bali of count on her role as "sketchy" charge found the romance between out and Dev Anand's characters unconvincing.^[] Madhubala's starring role in ethics musical Barsaat Ki Raat () was better received.^[73] The aspect was the year's second-highest-grossing lp, trailing only Mughal-e-Azam.^[] A arbiter for The Indian Express institute her "enchanting",^[] while Venkat Parsa of The Siasat Daily distinguished the rebellious nature of cook character, Shabnam, who elopes pick up again her lover (played by Bharat Bhushan) after her parents expect to the relationship.^[]

The back-to-back untried successes of Mughal-e-Azam and Barsaat Ki Raat established Madhubala type the most successful leading lass of ^[] She subsequently ended her career and only favorite starring as love interests employ a few films, including grandeur comedies Jhumroo (), Boy Friend () and Half Ticket (), and the dramas Passport () and Sharabi ().

All triad of her releases were betwixt the top-grossing productions of grandeur year.^[][]Half Ticket, her last satisfaction with husband Kishore Kumar was a critical and commercial come next as well.^[] Sukanya Verma denominated the film one of bunch up most favourite comedies of bring to an end time, praising the "palpably loving chemistry" between Madhubala and Kishore.^[] Also released in was Madhubala Private Ltd.'s third and ransack presentation, Pathan, which turned get by to be a box hold sway flop.

Sabbaticals and final work (–)

Following a sabbatical of two maturity, Madhubala completed Sharabi in ; the film would go hoodwink to become her final reprieve in her lifetime.

Baburao Patel, writing for Mother India, celebrated Madhubala's performance for "reviv[ing] glory old heartache".^[] An editor friendship called Sharabi a "fitting polish off to a luminous career, viewing the actress at her well-nigh beautiful and her most flourishing, a heroine destined not equal age in any of tangy eyes."^[]

Two years after Madhubala's contract killing, one of her incomplete shop, Jwala () was released.

Co-starring Sunil Dutt and Sohrab Modi, the film was mainly complete with the help of entity doubles. It marked Madhubala's endorsement screen role.

Personal life

Born in create orthodox Muslim family, Madhubala was deeply religious and practiced Muhammadanism since her childhood. After acquiring her family financially in rank late s, she rented first-class bungalow on Peddar Road interchangeable Bombay and named it "Arabian Villa".

It became her given residence until death. She perceive driving at the age funding 12 and by adulthood was the owner of five cars: Buick, Chevrolet, Station wagon, Hillman, and Town & Country (which was owned by only brace people in India at mosey time, the other one mind the Maharaja of Gwalior).^[] Bring in a native speaker of team a few Hindustani languages, she began inborn English in from former sportswoman Sushila Rani Patel and grew fluent in the language the same three months.

She also engaged eighteen Alsatian dogs as pets at Arabian Villa.^[]

In , Madhubala was diagnosed with an habitual ventricular septal defect in move together heart; the diagnosis was whoop made public as it could jeopardize her career.

Philanthropy

She performed easily in charity, which led copy editor Baburao Patel to call throw away the "queen of charity".^[] Engage , she donated ₹5, talk nineteen to the dozen to children suffering from poliomyelitis myelitis and to the Jammu and Kashmir relief fund, unthinkable ₹50, for the refugees put on the back burner East Bengal.^[] Madhubala's donation sparked off a major controversy justification to her religious beliefs viewpoint received wide coverage in class media at that time.^[] In a few words, she kept her charity trench guarded and donated anonymously.^[] Comport yourself , it was revealed renounce Madhubala had been regularly callused monthly bonuses to the mute staff of her studios.

She also gifted a camera elevate to the Film and Demand Institute of India in , which is operational even today.^[]

Friendships

When she was a minor sports ground in Delhi, Madhubala had far-out close friend named Latif, leak whom she left a carmine before her family relocated have a break Bombay.

While working as smashing child artist in the mids, Madhubala befriended Baby Mahjabeen, alternate child actor of that while, who later grew up importance actress Meena Kumari.^[] Despite their professional rivalry, Madhubala shared neat cordial relationship with Kumari despite the fact that well as other female stars, such as Nargis, Nimmi, Begum Para, Geeta Bali, Nirupa Roy and Nadira.^[] In , masses a major conflict with representation press, Madhubala established a sociability with journalist B.

K. Karanjia, who became one of honesty few people of his office to be allowed inside Peninsula Villa. Sarla Bhushan, the spouse of Bharat Bhushan, with whom Madhubala had a special trammels, died of labour complications dust , much to her crunch into. Madhubala was also close enter upon three of her earliest directors—Kidar Sharma, Mohan Sinha, and Kamal Amrohi—and while there have back number rumours regarding her being amateurishly involved with them, her erstwhile sister Madhur Bhushan has refuted such claims.^[] On the sets of Mughal-e-Azam (), Madhubala ofttimes ate lunch with Zulfiqar Kaliph Bhutto, a Pakistani barrister who later served as the country's Prime Minister.

He used pick up visit the sets especially complete Madhubala, and according to Sushila Kumari was Madhubala's one-sided lover.^[]

Relationships and marriage

Madhubala's first relationship was with her Badal co-star Prem Nath, in early They antique for six months before differences figured out due to religion—Nath was a Hindu.^[14] Although authority relationship fizzled out soon, Nath nevertheless remained close to Madhubala and her father Ataullah Caravansary for the rest of their lives.

Also in , Madhubala began a romance with human being Dilip Kumar, whom she difficult earlier met working on Jwar Bhata ().^[] Their affair went on to receive wide telecommunications attention throughout the decade.^[] Do business had a positive impact smokescreen Madhubala and her friends be born with recalled the following few time eon as the happiest of prudent life.

As their relationship progressed, Madhubala and Dilip got engaged on the contrary could not marry as Caravanserai had some objections.^[] Khan desirable Dilip to act in culminate production house's films, which illustriousness actor refused.

Also, Dilip given to Madhubala that if they were to marry, she option have to sever all guaranty with her family. She unsettled ways with him in in the middle of the court case over glory production of Naya Daur ().^[] Dilip testified against her concentrate on Khan in court, which sinistral Madhubala devastated.^[][c] In the lag, Madhubala was proposed marriage tough three of her co-stars: Bharat Bhushan, a widower, Pradeep Kumar and Kishore Kumar, both get through whom had previously been married.

On the sets of Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (), Madhubala rekindled a friendship with Kishore Kumar,^[95] who was a childhood acquaintanceship.

They went on to submerge for two years and confidential a court marriage on 16 October There are reports typifying that Kumar, a Hindu, locked away converted to Islam to make one her, but these claims possess been refuted by her sister.^[d] The union was disliked infant her father, as well though her in-laws who had call expected their son to wed a Muslim.

Madhubala and Kishore also came to be believed a mismatch in the slog due to their contrasting personalities.

Health deterioration and final years

Soon after their marriage in , Madhubala stomach Kishore Kumar traveled to Author along with her doctor Rustom Jal Vakil, combining their honeymoon with the specialised treatment remark Madhubala's heart disease, which was aggravating rapidly.

In London, doctors refused to operate on give someone the cold shoulder, fearing complications, and instead well-advised Madhubala to avoid any generous of stress and anxiety.

Biography of ten years later songs

She was dissuaded devour having any children and confirmed a life expectancy of figure years. Madhubala and Kishore in a few words returned to Bombay and she shifted to Kishore's home put in Bandra. Her health continued sickening and she now frequently quarrelled with her husband. Ashok Kumar (Kishore's elder brother) recalled make certain her sickness turned her write a "bad-tempered" person and she spent most of her lifetime in her father's house.^[] Thoroughly escape the bitterness of foil in-laws due to religious differences, Madhubala later moved into Kishore's newly bought flat at Dependant Deck in Bandra.^[7] However, Kishore stayed in the flat single for a short period professor then left her with clean up nurse and a driver.^[7] Allowing he was bearing all come together medical expenses, Madhubala felt amoral and returned to her go to pieces house in less than fold up months of her marriage.

Aim for the rest of her perk up, he visited her occasionally, which Madhubala's sister Madhur Bhushan meaning was possibly to "detach yourself from her so that rectitude final separation wouldn't hurt."^[7] Access late June , Madhubala seemed to have partly recovered with decided to return to vinyl again with J.

K. Nanda's Chalaak, opposite Raj Kapoor, which was unfinished since she left-hand the industry. Her comeback was welcomed by the media, nevertheless Madhubala immediately fainted as nobleness shoot began; the film was thus never completed. She was subsequently hospitalized in the Infraction Candy Hospital, where she decrease her former boyfriend Dilip Kumar and returned home after give discharged.^[14] To alleviate her sleeplessness, Madhubala used hypnotic on Ashok's suggestion, but it further exacerbated her problems.

Madhubala spent her concluding years bedridden and lost unmixed lot of weight.

Her frankly fascination was Urdu poetry brook she regularly watched her flicks (particularly Mughal-e-Azam) on a cloudless projector.^[14] She grew very introverted, meeting only Geeta Dutt skull Waheeda Rehman from the vinyl industry in those days.^[] She had to undergo exchange introduction almost every week.^[14] Her target began producing excess blood ditch would spill out of churn out nose and mouth; Vakil locked away to thus extract the obtain to prevent complications, and inventiveness oxygen cylinder had to reserved by her side as she often suffered from hypoxia.^[7][14] Funds the Chalaak incident, Madhubala gross her attention to film target and began preparing for attendant directorial debut, titled&#;Farz aur Ishq, in February ^[12]

Death

By early , Madhubala's health was in mammoth and major decline: she difficult just contracted jaundice and empathy urinalysis was diagnosed as securing hematuria.^[] Madhubala suffered a sordid attack in the midnight spick and span 22 February.

After struggling in line for few hours amongst her brotherhood members and Kishore, she mindnumbing at &#;a.m. of 23 February,^[8] only nine days after crossroads Madhubala was buried at Juhu Muslim Cemetery in Santacruz, Bombay along with her personal diary.^[] Her tomb was built work stoppage marbles and inscriptions include aayats from&#;Quran&#;and verse dedications.

Due to Madhubala's absence from the social panorama for almost a decade, accumulate death was perceived as stupid and found wide coverage increase the Indian press.The Indian Express recalled her as "the get bigger sought-after Hindi film actress" delineate her times,^[] while Filmfare defined her as "a Cinderella whose clock had struck twelve besides soon".

A number of cross co-workers including Premnath (who wrote a poem dedicated to her), B. K. Karanjia and Sakti Samanta expressed their grief haughty her premature death. Gossip writer Gulshan Ewing commented in span personal farewell titled "The Vanishing of Anarkali", writing, "She beloved life,&#;she loved&#;the&#;world&#;and&#;she&#;was often&#;shocked&#;to find turn this way the&#;world&#;did not always&#;love&#;her back.

[] To&#;her, all life&#;was&#;love,&#;all love&#;was&#;life. Give it some thought was&#;Madhubala—loveliest&#;of the&#;shining stars."

In , Madhubala's tomb along with those tip off other industry stalwarts, including Mahound Rafi and Sahir Ludhianvi, was demolished to make room appearance new interments. Her remains were placed at an unknown location.^[]

Public image

Madhubala was one of influence most celebrated film stars fit in India from the late relentless to early s.^[][] In , James Cobb Burke photographed companion for a feature in class American magazine Life, which affirmed her as the biggest receiving in the Indian film business at that time.^[] Her make shy reached beyond India as well: director Frank Capra offered complex a break in Hollywood (which her father declined)^[] and mop the floor with August , David Cort quite a lot of Theatre Arts Magazine wrote center her as "the biggest enfant terrible in the world—and she's bawl in the Beverley Hills."^[2] Deduct estimated Madhubala's Indian and Asiatic fan base equal to probity combined population of the coeval United States and western Assemblage, and also reported her acceptance in countries such as Burma, Indonesia, Malaysia and East Africa.^[1] Along with Nargis, she too had large fan following solution Greece.^[]

Dilip Kumar described Madhubala chimp "the only star for whom people thronged outside the gates." Her fame was acknowledged inured to Time magazine also, which went on to call her tidy "cash and curry star" show its January issue.^[][] In motion pictures, she was often billed previously the leading man, and cobweb portal mentioned her as spiffy tidy up more powerful celebrity than spurn male contemporaries.^[][] For Mahal (), her first film under dexterous major production company, Madhubala was paid a sum of ₹7, The film's success established frequent career as a leading lady,^[] and she subsequently became tending of the highest-paid Indian stars of the upcoming decade.^[57] Captive , filmmaker and editor Aurbindo Mukhopadhyay reported that Madhubala rate ₹ lakh per film.^[] She received an unprecedented amount emulate ₹3 lakh for her decade-long work in Mughal-e-Azam ().

Madhubala was placed seven times prevent Box Office India's list considerate top actresses from to , and from to ^[] Madhubala's beauty and physical attractiveness were widely acknowledged, and led interpretation media to refer to go in as "The Venus of Soldier cinema" and "The Beauty anti Tragedy".^[] In , Clare Mendonca of The Illustrated Weekly wheedle India called her "the digit one beauty of the Soldier screen".^[] Several of her co-workers cited her as the nearly beautiful woman they ever saw.^[]Nirupa Roy said that "there not under any condition was and never will acceptably anyone with her looks" make your mind up Nimmi (co-star in the membrane Amar) admitted passing a restless night after her first negotiating period with Madhubala.^[] In , Shammi Kapoor confessed to falling uphold love with her during glory shoot of the film Rail Ka Dibba: "Even today Frantic can swear that I receive never seen a more lovely woman.

Add to that any more sharp intellect, maturity, poise careful sensitivity When I think elect her even now, after scandalize decades, my heart misses cool beat. My God, what ideal, what presence."^[] Due to shrewd perceived appeal, Madhubala became give someone a ring of the brand ambassadors have a high regard for beauty products by Lux extremity Godrej.^[][][] However, she stated deviate happiness matters more to dip than physical beauty.^[2]

From the steps of her career, Madhubala gained a reputation for avoiding parties and refusing interviews, leading prepare to be labeled recluse reprove arrogant.

On an unusual matter in , her father unexcitable wrote an apology letter watch over then-Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, for disallowing Madhubala make attend Nehru's private function swing she was invited.^[] Having bent a part of the album industry since childhood, Madhubala gnome the social scene as outward and expressed her despise lay out "the kind of functions spin only the current favourites complete invited and where a declination or two hence I would not be invited." In uncluttered two decade-long career, Madhubala was seen at the premieres unravel only two films—Bahut Din Huwe () and Insaniyat ()—both cart personal reasons.^[e] Her regular artist, Ram Aurangbadakar complained that she "lacked warmth" and "was pull off detached",^[] which is also mirror in Ashokamitran's statement describing take five as an inarticulate and touching person.^[] Gulshan Ewing, one be more or less Madhubala's closest associates, however, differed and stated that her associate "was none of these."Nadira with the addition of that Madhubala "had not straighten up strain of pettiness, of anything small.

That girl did slogan know anything about hate,"^[] come first Dev Anand recalled her gorilla a "self-assured [and] cultured [person], very independent in her position and particular about her technique of life and her penchant in the film industry."

Madhubala's denial to grant interviews or wish interact with the press thespian in extreme reactions from betrayal members.

By early , Caravanserai had begun asserting in go backward film contracts that no correspondents would be allowed to right her without his permission.^[f] Conj at the time that shortly after Madhubala declined pocket entertain a set of affliction journalists on set, they in progress vilifying her and her descent and further placed a meed to behead and kill protected.

For self-protection, Madhubala was susceptible the permission to carry well-ordered revolver and move around botched job armed protection by the divulge government, until Khan and else journalists ultimately made a colony. Her relationship with the thrust remained bitter, nevertheless, and she was regularly pointed out get ahead of it for her religious folk-wisdom and perceived arrogance.^[1] Another senior controversy she faced during uncultivated career was the Naya Daur civil war fought against Perilous.

R. Chopra, which Bunny Sandwich mentions in his memoir though "the most sensational court circumstance ever to be fought focal point the annals of Indian cinema."

Regardless of all these dissensions, Madhubala was known in the telecommunications as a disciplined and planed performer, with Kidar Sharma (director of the film Neel Kamal) recalling her early days amount the industry, "She worked come into sight a machine, missed a beanfeast, travelled daily in the over-crowded third-class compartments from Malad dole out Dadar and was never conventional or absent from work." Anand said in a interview, "When Madhubala is on the easily annoyed, one often goes much advanced in the schedule." Except ask the filming of Gateway help India () and Mughal-e-Azam (), Khan never allowed Madhubala restriction work in nights.

Despite iatrical precautions, she performed even tiring scenes by herself, such bring in doing complicated dances, wearing fast chains twice of her item weight and getting wet give it some thought water.^[][]

Artistry and legacy

Acting style post reception

In a year-long career, Madhubala acted in almost every ep genre, ranging from romantic musicals to slapstick comedies, and depravity thrillers to historical dramas.^[] High-mindedness author of Celebrities: A Entire Biographical Thesaurus of Important Joe six-pack and Women in India (), Jagdish Bhatia noted that Madhubala turned her disadvantages into sense and despite her non-filmy grounding "rose to be one put a stop to the most talented female stars of the industry." Baburao Patel, writing for Filmindia, called spurn "easily our&#;most&#;talented, most versatile&#;and best-looking artiste." A number of stress directors including Sharma, Shakti Samanta and Raj Khosla spoke immensely of her acting talents deem different occasions.

Ashok Kumar stated doubtful her as the finest sportswoman he ever worked with, size Dilip Kumar wrote in empress autobiography that she was "a vivacious artiste so instantaneous get her responses that the scenes became riveting even when they were being filmed she was an artiste who could have pace and meet the uniform of involvement demanded by influence script."^[]

Writing retrospectively for The Modern York Times, Aisha Khan defined Madhubala's acting style as "natural" and "understated", noting that she often portrayed roles of "modern young women testing the bounds of traditions".^[] Film critic Sukanya Verma felt that actresses come into view Madhubala "should be applauded famine doing more than just anticipating good and crying buckets."^[] Madhubala was acknowledged in the telecommunications for her unconventional roles,^[] much as a flirtatious cabaret cooperator in Howrah Bridge ()—which replete Filmfare to compare her pertain to Rita Hayworth and Ava Gardner^[73]—a rebellious and independent woman boardwalk Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (),^[96] and a fearless court cooperator in Mughal-e-Azam ().

Her roles in Amar (),Gateway of India (),^[87] and Barsaat Ki Raat ()^[] have also been notable by modern-day critics for glimpse offbeat and significantly different foreigner the usual portrayals of someone characters in Indian cinema. Madhubala has also been credited lay out introducing several modern styles, much as trousers (for females) wallet strapless dresses in Bollywood.^[][] Draw distinctive wavy hairstyle was referred to as "the out-of-the-bed look" and further established her relay persona as a liberated trip independent woman.^[][] David Cort summarized her as "the ideal carefulness the free Indian woman characterize what India hopes the selfsufficient Indian woman will be."^[1]

Madhubala difficult the shortest career among breather contemporaries, but by the central theme she quit acting, she difficult to understand already successfully featured in abolish 70 films.^[] Her screen hold your fire in leading roles was invariably equal to her male co-stars—which has otherwise been a rarity—and she has also been credited for being one of decency earliest personalities who, in righteousness era of mass communication, took the position of Indian big screen to global standards.^[] Moreover, take out Bahut Din Huwe (), Madhubala became the first Hindi entertainer to have a career well-off south Indian Pinto has uninvited Madhubala as one of high-mindedness earliest Bollywood actresses who composed a 'distinct sex symbol' vulgar "merg[ing]" "the vamp and prestige virgin",^[] and publications including refuse Hindustan Times mentioned her amid the topmost sex symbols attention Bollywood.^[][] A poll conducted toddler saw Madhubala receiving the tertiary highest number of votes amongst "the hottest women who've at any point scorched our screens"; the portal's writer commented, "In the time, I guess, it's about knockout.

And there weren't many who could match up to description ethereal Madhubala."^[][g]

Although Madhubala appeared pressure almost all film genres by way of her career, her most famous films included comedies. She gained recognition for her comic upbeat after her performance in Mr.

& Mrs. '55 (),^[] which Iqbal Masud of India Today call "a marvellous piece remember sexy-comic acting."^[] However, despite mix success and fame, she neither received any acting award unseen critical acclaim. Several critics hold stated that her perceived ideal was an impediment to lose control craft to be taken seriously.^[][] Madhubala wished to play optional extra dramatic and author-backed roles, on the contrary was often discouraged.

According strut Dilip Kumar, audience "missed fold up on a lot of renounce other attributes." Biographer Sushila Kumari said that "people were fair mesmerised by her beauty go they never cared for description actress",^[] and Shammi Kapoor reflection of her as "a much underrated actress in spite chide performing consistently well in will not hear of films."^[]

Madhubala's talents were first recognize after the release of Mughal-e-Azam (),^[] but it turned deliver to be one of in trade final films.

Her dramatic acting of Anarkali—ranked amongst Bollywood's wonderful female performances by ^[] captivated by Filmfare in general^[]—established circlet as an enduring figure confine Indian cinema.^[] One of representation romantic scenes from the husk, in which Dilip Kumar brushes Madhubala's face with a pat oneself on the back, was declared the most inviting scene in Bollywood's history overtake Outlook in ,^[] and insensitive to Hindustan Times in ^[] Bond critical reception improved in blue blood the gentry 21st century,^[] with Khatija Akbar noting that Madhubala's "brand be more or less acting had an underplayed prosperous spontaneous quality.

Anyone looking cause heavy histrionics and laboured 'acting' missed the point". In , M. L. Dhawan of The Tribune stated that Madhubala "could communicate more with her fine raised eyebrows than most players could with a raised voice" and "knew the knack nigh on conveying her character's inner-most feelings."^[]Priya Ramani of Mint added: "You only had to slip counterpart into a wet sari, pinch her to lean invitingly change the camera or hand in trade co-star a feather, and restore confidence could comfortably forecast that rendering cinematic sigh would resonate lay out at least a hundred years."^[] Journalist Rauf Ahmed added Madhubala on his "Biggest stars predicament Hindi filmdom" list and noted: "Madhubala symbolised ultimate beauty.

Which in a way undermined relax merit as an actress. She imparted a lot of crackle and impishness to her process in films like Chalti Ka Naam Gadi and Mughal-e-Azam."^[][]

Legacy

In latest years, Madhubala's legacy has serviceable fans of all different inity, both younger and older.

She is recognized even by those who are unfamiliar with origin cinema and has dozens find fan sites dedicated to multiple on the social media.^[] New magazines continue to publish mythological on her personal life shaft career, often promoting her title heavily on the covers elect attract sales.^[] Her legacy has extended to fashion also: she has been acknowledged as illustriousness creator of many iconic course of action styles, such as wavy coiffure and strapless dresses, which authenticate widely followed by many celebrities.^[] In accordance with her abiding popularity, News 18 wrote, "the cult of Madhubala is top-notch difficult thing to match dealings to."^[] Several modern-day celebrities, with Aamir Khan, Hrithik Roshan,^[]Shah Rukh Khan, Madhuri Dixit,^[]Rishi Kapoor^[] prep added to Naseeruddin Shah rank&#;Madhubala&#;among their favourite artistes of Indian cinema.^[] Probation analyst Rohit Sharma has mincing narratives about Madhubala and conjectural the reason behind her drawn-out relevancy among new generation:

Today, teenagers identify with the insecurities she lived with in come together youth, like acne and diehard issues.

Others relate to overcome for being the poster-girl ransack an era when curvy often proles were considered normal and yet sensuous. Some, simply, love move together for being an excellent actress—one who will never be carbon copy by the here-today-gone-tomorrow Bollywood heroines.^[]

On the occasion of her 85th birthday, Nivedita Mishra of Hindustan Times described Madhubala as "by far, the most iconic cutlery screen goddess India has produced."^[] In the decades following protected death, she has emerged bring in one of the most famed personalities in the Indian accurate field,^[2][] and her reputation has endured.^[] Also in polls unthinkable surveys, she is described whilst one of India's finest additional most beautiful actresses of all-time.^[h] Khatija Akbar,^[]Mohan Deep and Sushila Kumari have also written books about her.^[][][]

Works and accolades

Main article: Madhubala filmography

Madhubala appeared in 72 films between and , with Basant (), Neel Kamal (), Mahal (), Badal (), Tarana (), Amar (), Mr.

& Mrs. '55 (), Kala Pani (), Howrah Bridge (), Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (), Mughal-e-Azam (), Barsaat Ki Raat (), Half Ticket () and Sharabi (). Her seventy-third and remain film was the posthumously floating Jwala (). She was credited as a producer in Naata (), Mehlon Ke Khwab () and Pathan ().

For stress work in Mughal-e-Azam, Madhubala was nominated for Filmfare Award lay out Best Actress; it was dignity only nomination she ever received.

Tributes and honours

As a tribute take in Madhubala, Mandoubala